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This paper has the following pros and cons:

Pros

• Highlights the link between nutrient management and pest/disease susceptibility in tropical fruit crops.

• Strong emphasis on sustainability and reducing chemical dependency.

• Integrates advanced technologies (AI, sensors, deep learning) with agronomy practices.

• Provides practical case studies (papaya, banana) relevant to tropical agriculture.

• Promotes climate-smart pest management frameworks in line with global sustainability goals.

• Acknowledges both biological control and agroecological approaches as complements to smart technologies.

Cons

• Heavy reliance on secondary literature rather than new experimental data.

• Strong focus on Australian context, which may limit broader applicability.

• Adoption challenges (cost, accessibility, farmer training) not deeply addressed.

• Limited discussion of economic feasibility for smallholder farmers.

• Technological optimism may overlook infrastructural and policy barriers.

Competing interests

The author declares that they have no competing interests.

Use of Artificial Intelligence (AI)

The author declares that they used generative AI to come up with new ideas for their review.