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Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) is a recent development in the 21st century, and is changing classrooms throughout the world. However, its role in K–12 settings remain underexplored compared to higher education. This review paper examines how GAI can support teaching and learning in classrooms by personalizing instruction, assisting teachers with planning and reflection, and expanding access to high-quality learning experiences. Furthermore, this paper analyzes teacher and student perspectives, implementation challenges, and reviews concerns about overreliance, academic integrity, and equity. These findings suggest that clear policies, careful introduction to students, and instructional supervision are necessary to successful implementation in K-12 schools. At the same time, technology access disparities between students and risks to independent thinking show the need for caution while integrating GAI into instruction. Overall, this paper argues the importance of appropriate oversight and ethical frameworks in the implementation of GAI. With caution, GAI can enhance, rather than replace, important elements in K-12 education.

Note this was written in style for an AP Seminar Individual Research Report.