An Empirical Analysis of Phishing Simulation to Mitigate Social Engineering Attacks
- Publié
- Serveur de preprints
- Preprints.org
- DOI
- 10.20944/preprints202511.1827.v1
Phishing remains one of the most prevalent and damaging forms of cyberattacks, exploiting human behavior rather than technical vulnerabilities. Despite technological advancements in email filtering, anomaly detection, and two-factor authentication, phishing continues to succeed by manipulating trust, authority, and urgency cues in unsuspecting users [1,5,14]. This study presents an empirical analysis of a phishing simulation conducted in a university setting to assess user susceptibility and promote security awareness. A simulated phishing email was sent to 35 staff members, with 80% opening the message and 40% clicking the embedded link. Behavioral responses—such as fear of reprimand and avoidance—indicated cultural and psychological barriers to effective awareness [4,9,18]. In addition to field experimentation, a technical comparison of open-source phishing tools—GoPhish, King Phisher, Phishery, and Evilginx2 — was conducted to evaluate their practicality, usability, and deployment complexity [7,11,13]. Drawing on recent literature in cybersecurity education and behavioral science, this paper highlights the need for psychologically safe, culturally sensitive, and role-specific training to reduce long-term phishing risk [3,6,8,12,17]. Our findings support the integration of simulated phishing campaigns with structured, non-punitive feedback and adaptive educational interventions to foster more resilient digital behavior.