The standard cosmological model, ΛCDM, faces profound empirical tensions—including the 5.6σ Hubble constant discrepancy and the non-detection of dark matter particles—while failing to unify quantum gravity with cosmic evolution. We present the Cosmic Energy Inversion Theory version 2 (CEIT-v2), a geometric-field framework that resolves these challenges by attributing gravitational phenomena to spacetime torsion dynamically sourced by gradients of a primordial energy field. This theory eliminates dark matter through torsion-induced geometric pressure, explains cosmic acceleration via field decay and black hole energy injection, and stabilizes the electroweak hierarchy without supersymmetry. CEIT-v2 simultaneously addresses eight cosmological enigmas, including matter-antimatter asymmetry, within a covariant formalism governed by six fundamental parameters. High-resolution simulations and multi-scale validation against 18 independent datasets—spanning Gaia galactic kinematics, Planck CMB spectra, LIGO Virgo-KAGRA gravitational waves, and solar coronal measurements—demonstrate unprecedented accuracy: 0.88% mean error in galactic rotation curves, 0.7σ residual Hubble tension, and 99.1% CMB power spectrum alignment. The theory delivers falsifiable predictions for next-generation observatories, including terahertz halo emission detectable by SKA, blue-tilted primordial gravitational waves distinguishable via LISA, and spectral shifts in high-redshift quasars measurable with JWST. Verification of these signatures would establish CEIT-v2 as a foundational advance toward quantum-gravitational unification, replacing hypothetical entities with geometric dynamics while preserving empirical rigor across 18 orders of magnitude.