Peritoneal pseudomyxoma (PMP), cytoreductive surgery (CRS) is its most important treatment method. Postoperative delirium (POD) is common in PMP and may be associated with poor prognosis, but there are currently few reports on postoperative delirium in PMP both domestically and internationally, warranting further research. This article reviews the definition, pathogenesis, assessment methods, risk factors, prevention, and treatment measures of postoperative delirium, and analyzes and summarizes them in light of the characteristics of PMP to promote early recognition and optimized treatment of postoperative delirium in PMP, thereby reducing the incidence and improving patient outcomes and quality of life.