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The evaluation of external pelvimetry measurements and the genetic factors influencing them is essential for improving morphological characteristics and reproductive performance in cattle. This study investigates the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and external pelvimetry measurements in Simmental cows, considering traits such as croup height (CH), buttock height (BH), croup width (CW), rump angle (RA) and croup length (CL). A total of 33 SNPs, located on multiple chromosomes, were identified near relevant genes such as CLSTN2, DPYD, FBXL7, FBXL13, SEMA6A, RUNX2, FSTL4, DST, DCBLD2, FRMD6, CAV2.3, ABL2, SH3BP4, RSBN1L, and SAMD12, suggesting that these genetic variants may influence the development and morphology of the pelvic bones. Statistical analysis revealed significant relationships between certain allele variants and croup measurements, highlighting that the presence of alternative alleles can modify their morphological traits.