This article presents the problems related to insurance against natural disasters and the role and development of the insurance market in Bulgaria. The study focuses on the insurance market, as the insurance market plays a crucial role in the overall stability and functioning of modern economies, serving as a risk management tool. The review of the development of the insurance market in the country in this paper focuses primarily on property insurance against fire and other catastrophes, as the aim of this paper is to outline the challenges facing the development of the insurance market in terms of climate change and the fact that Bulgaria is in the top 10 countries most affected by climate change in 2022 in the world.