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Abstract

The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is a complex neuromodulatory network that plays a central role in regulating homeostasis, stress response, synaptic plasticity, and social behavior. In recent years, there has been growing interest in its potential involvement in neurodivergent developmental trajectories, particularly in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). This paper provides an interdisciplinary overview of the neurobiological foundations of the ECS and explores its potential relevance for understanding autistic phenomena.Drawing on both animal and human studies, the paper discusses possible dysregulations of the ECS in autistic individuals, with a focus on altered anandamide levels and CB1 receptor activity. A recent meta-analysis highlights consistent deviations in peripheral endocannabinoid markers. In addition, the paper examines diagnostic and therapeutic implications, as well as ethical and societal considerations within the framework of neurodiversity-informed research.The study advocates for a participatory, interdisciplinary, and ethically grounded development of this emerging field to responsibly harness the potential of the ECS for individualized and inclusive care of neurodivergent individuals.