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Proof of the Riemann Hypothesis

Publicada
Servidor
Preprints.org
DOI
10.20944/preprints202505.2110.v4

This paper presents an operator-theoretic proof of the Riemann Hypothesis. The proof is organized so as not to identify the zeros of the completed zeta function with eigenvalues at the outset. Instead, three independent pieces of data are built: an analytic operator setting on a weighted Hilbert space, a coefficient-space arithmetic trace that evaluates the Euler-product prime-power contribution, and singular-boundary data constructed inside the analytic Hilbert-space framework. These data are then placed in a common Hilbert space X=KRJarithHarithRanΠresX = \mathcal{K}_R \oplus J_{\mathrm{arith}}\mathcal{H}_{\mathrm{arith}} \oplus \operatorname{Ran}\Pi_{\mathrm{res}}, where the prime-power term is evaluated exactly on the arithmetic summand and the residual part is removed by passing to the canonical representative modulo RanΠres\operatorname{Ran}\Pi_{\mathrm{res}}. The remaining effective KR\mathcal{K}_R-projected component is thus represented as the ΠR\Pi_R-projection onto the singular-boundary subspace KR\mathcal{K}_R. From this residual-free KR\mathcal{K}_R-component, a boundary-distribution comparison map is constructed. The functional equation for ξ\xi induces a boundary reflection ΘR\Theta_R, which descends to a bounded self-adjoint involution SR\mathcal{S}_R on KR\mathcal{K}_R. The resulting signed boundary-distribution comparison kernel is realized, by Schatten-class smoothing estimates, as a self-adjoint Hilbert--Schmidt operator K=KS2K=K^* \in \mathfrak{S}_2. This construction uses the functional equation, the boundary-distribution framework, and the orthogonal projection structure; it does not assume the location of the zeros of ξ\xi, nor any positivity, Herglotz, or spectral localization statement equivalent to the Riemann Hypothesis. The operator KK defines the regularized Fredholm determinant FK(s)=eaK+bK(s1/2)det2(I+i(s1/2)K)F_K(s) = e^{a_K+b_K(s-1/2)} \det_2(I+i(s-1/2)K), where the constants aK,bKa_K, b_K fix only the value and first logarithmic derivative at s=1/2s=1/2. The comparison with the completed zeta function is carried out through a central Cauchy--Laplace regularization. The central comparison topology is fixed independently of the pairings μL\mu_L and μξ\mu_\xi. The finite-window counterterm is defined algebraically from central and endpoint finite jets before either pairing is evaluated, so the regularization does not encode the desired equality. Finite-window central cutoffs converge to the central kernel in this topology, and the two central pairings extend continuously to it. The finite-window residual-free equality therefore passes to the central limit and gives equality of the central logarithmic derivatives of FKF_K and ξ\xi. Together with the central normalization, this yields a local analytic equality, and the identity theorem gives FK(s)ξ(s)F_K(s) \equiv \xi(s) on the whole complex plane. Finally, since KK is self-adjoint, every zero of FKF_K arises from a nonzero eigenvalue λj\lambda_j of KK and is therefore of the form s=1/2+i/λjs=1/2+i/\lambda_j for λjR{0}\lambda_j \in \mathbb{R}\setminus\{0\}. The global identity FKξF_K \equiv \xi therefore places every nontrivial zero of ξ\xi, and hence of ζ\zeta, on the critical line.

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