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This preprint proposes a hypothesis in which planetary low-frequency electromagnetic organization acts as a primary physical reference for biological daily timing.

The model assumes that electromagnetic frequency components originating from the same planetary center can coexist within a common volume while differing in their spatial stability under external electromagnetic and plasma forcing. It is proposed that some low-frequency, spatially extended components may be displaced from the local dayside environment toward the nightside under solar-direction forcing, while becoming locally available again as planetary rotation carries the same region into the night sector.

The biologically relevant variable is therefore proposed to be not merely total electromagnetic field strength, but the local presence or absence of specific low-frequency components. This recurring presence–absence transition may provide a reproducible physical phase reference for cellular timing.

The hypothesis further proposes that the CLOCK–BMAL1/PER–CRY system, together with cytoplasmic and metabolic oscillators and rhythmic chromatin organization, may have evolved in integration with this planetary low-frequency cycle. In this framework, light is considered an important environmental information source and modulator, particularly in surface organisms, but not necessarily the fundamental planetary timing reference.

The model generates experimentally testable predictions, including direct comparison of day–night low-frequency spectra, controlled low-frequency presence–absence experiments in peripheral cells, and experimental separation of light and electromagnetic timing signals.