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A Proof of the Riemann Hypothesis Based on a New Expression of the Completed Zeta Function

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Preprints.org
DOI
10.20944/preprints202108.0146.v27

The celebrated Riemann Hypothesis (RH) is proved based on a new absolute convergent expression of ξ(s)\xi(s), which was obtained from the Hadamard product, through paring ρi\rho_i and ρˉi\bar{\rho}_i, and putting all the multiple zeros together in one factor, i.e. $$\xi(s)=\xi(0)\prod_{\rho}(1-\frac{s}{\rho})=\xi(0)\prod_{i=1}^{\infty}\Big{(}\frac{\beta_i^2}{\alpha_i^2+\beta_i^2}+\frac{(s-\alpha_i)^2}{\alpha_i^2+\beta_i^2}\Big{)}^{d_{i}}$$ where ξ(0)=12\xi(0)=\frac{1}{2}, ρi=αi+jβi\rho_i=\alpha_i+j\beta_i and ρˉi=αijβi\bar{\rho}_i=\alpha_i-j\beta_i are the complex conjugate zeros of ξ(s)\xi(s), 0<αi<10<\alpha_i<1 and βi0\beta_i\neq 0 are real numbers, di1d_i\geq 1 is the real (unique and unchangeable) multiplicity of ρi\rho_i, βi\beta_i are arranged in order of increasing βi|\beta_i|, i.e., β1β2β3|\beta_1|\leq|\beta_2|\leq|\beta_3|\leq \cdots, i=1,2,3, ,i =1,2,3, \cdots, \infty. Then, according to the functional equation ξ(s)=ξ(1s)\xi(s)=\xi(1-s), we have $$\prod_{i=1}^{\infty}\Big{(}1+\frac{(s-\alpha_i)^2}{\beta_i^2}\Big{)}^{d_{i}}=\prod_{i=1}^{\infty}\Big{(}1+\frac{(1-s-\alpha_i)^2}{\beta_i^2}\Big{)}^{d_{i}}$$ which, owing to the uniqueness and unchangeableness of did_i (see Lemma 3 for the proof details), is finally equivalent to {αi=12β1<β2<β3<i=1,2,3, ,\begin{cases}&\alpha_i=\frac{1}{2}\\ & |\beta_1|<|\beta_2|<|\beta_3|<\cdots\\&i =1,2,3, \cdots, \infty \end{cases} Thus, we conclude that the RH is true.

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