This research paper presents a comprehensive review of herbal drug interactions, focusing on their clinical implications, mechanisms, and potential risks when used alongside conventional medications. The paper highlights common herbal remedies such as St. John's Wort, Garlic, Ginseng, and their documented interactions with drugs like anticoagulants, antidiabetics, antidepressants, and immunosuppressants.
Special attention is given to the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic mechanisms involved in these interactions, such as CYP450 enzyme modulation, P-glycoprotein inhibition, and altered drug metabolism.
This work aims to raise awareness among healthcare professionals, researchers, and patients regarding the importance of monitoring herbal product usage, particularly in polypharmacy settings.
Authored independently by a 4th-year Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) student, this paper contributes to the field of clinical pharmacology, phytotherapy, and drug safety.