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Operational Threat Modeling of Adversarial Noise in Continuous-Variable Quantum Communication

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Preprints.org
DOI
10.20944/preprints202601.2359.v1

Recent work has shown that finite measurement resolution and estimator tolerances can create operational vulnerabilities in quantum integrity verification, enabling adversarial probing strategies that evade static detection criteria [1]. Building on these insights, we examine how analogous adversarial mechanisms arise in continuous-variable quantum communication (CVQC), where security and performance-critical decisions are made directly from finite-resolution phase-space measurements. We develop an operational threat-modeling framework that classifies adversarial interference in CVQC into three regimes: (i) low-amplitude reconnaissance noise engineered to remain within estimator tolerances, (ii) moderate exploratory noise designed to probe stability margins and system sensitivities, and (iii) high-intensity denial-of-service (DoS) interference intended to force operational failure. Using a receiver-centric Gaussian-channel representation, we characterize how each regime perturbs second-order quadrature statistics and induces systematic degradation of state coherence and purity. To quantify adversarial impact in an implementation-relevant manner, we introduce an energy-deviation metric derived from the trace of the covariance matrix, directly linking excess noise accumulation to estimator degradation and operational failure thresholds under finite-sample constraints. The resulting taxonomy and metric establish a structured foundation for analyzing physical-layer adversarial behavior in continuous-variable quantum communication.

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