Women's entrepreneurship drives inclusive economic development and creates positive ripple effects throughout society. This study investigates the effects of entrepreneurship education in sustainability on female students, with particular emphasis on determining whether changes in entrepreneurial intentions were driven by the changes of the factors of the Theory of Planned Behavior. We employ a comparative framework with male students to contextualize our findings. The survey employed a pre-test/post-test group design (before and after the entrepreneurship course). The sample consisted of 271 business students from a Greek university (157 female students, 114 male students). After the course, women indicated positive changes in attitude, perceived behavioral control and entrepreneurial intention. MEMORE macro revealed that both the positive changes in attitude and perceived behavioral control affected the positive change in entrepreneurial intention. Conversely, men indicated only positive effect in perceived behavioral control. Notably, the levels of the attitude, perceived behavioral control and entrepreneurial intention in women before the course were much lower than men. These findings underscore the importance of entrepreneurship education in sustainability, as a tool with a transformative force in the positive impacts in women's entrepreneurship and gender equity that leads to sustainable growth.