Teaching museum documentation plays a fundamental role in the sustainable management and preservation of cultural and scientific heritage in the Amazon region. This paper reflects on the importance and practices of teaching documentation of cultural assets in the Bachelor's Degree in Museology at the Federal University of Pará, in Brazil. Through a comprehensive understanding of the principles and practices of this discipline, future museologists become better prepared to assume professional and ethical responsibilities in their field of activity. The challenges and opportunities faced in the context of teaching this discipline at a federal university in the Amazon will be analyzed. To achieve this purpose, three case studies applied at the institution are presented, during the years 2022 and 2023, comparing the results with the literature on teaching, principles and practices of museum documentation. The conclusions highlight the relevance of the course for the training of museology students, displaying some innovative activities for teaching in the classroom.